Aug 3, 2022 ... ammonium nitrate; calcium nitrate; ammonium sulfate. Inorganic nitrogen comes from mineral sources and is bound to other chemical combinations.There is much more to lawn maintenance than just fertilizing in early spring. Learn the best times and ways to fertilize your lawn for lush, green grass. Expert Advice On Improving...7. Banana peel water. Similarly, don't throw out your banana peels, as these make the ideal, homemade fertilizer for your plants. Banana peels are full of potassium and calcium, which will feed ...Liquid fertilizer is typically used during the fruiting phase of a fruit tree. They’re heavier on the nitrogen side of NPK than the others we’ve mentioned so far. With an NPK of 4.5-2.0 …Learn how often to fertilize your lawn for a lush and healthy-looking yard. Follow our expert fertilizer application tips and get the best results. Expert Advice On Improving Your ...Dec 4, 2023 ... In addition to organic forms, there are two types of nitrogenous fertilizers – ammoniacal and nitrate sources. Common ammoniacal compounds ...Apr 21, 2020 · As a result, many garden plants have weak growth, poor colour, and a lack of flowers and fruit. Yet kept well supplied with the the three main nutrients that are present in a general fertiliser or plant food- nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) – they're given every chance not only to flourish, but also to better withstand attacks ... The Benefits of Chicken Manure. As a non-synthetic organic fertilizer, chicken manure has numerous benefits. Nutrients: It is a complete fertilizer that contains the macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as important micronutrients such as calcium needed for healthy plant growth. Soil …We spent hours researching the best fertilizers on the market, evaluating products based on the NPK ratio (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, …Easy homemade fertilizer – Compost Tea. Compost tea is an organic liquid fertilizer that is created by adding compost to cold water, letting it steep for a few days, and then filtering out the solids. The liquid creates a nutrient rich solution that can be sprayed on areas of plant life or poured around root zones.However, unused nitrates remain in the groundwater, resulting in leaching of the soil. Since nitrogen requirements for plants vary, supplemental nitrogen fertilizer should only be used in the correct proportion. Always check the nitrogen analysis on chemical fertilizer packaging to determine the percentage amount of nitrogen present. …Most plants obtain nitrogen from soil in the form of NO 3 −, and NH 4 + largely derived from the fertilizers, microbial degradation of the nitrogenous wastes, or through biological nitrogen fixation (Figs. 11.2 and 11.3).The inorganic forms of N, i.e., nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium, are assimilated by the plants …Eggshells. Save your eggshells and use them as a calcium-rich fertilizer. After separating them from the yolk and egg whites, place them in the sun to dry them out. This ensures that the shells aren't carrying pathogens or bad bacteria that can then be transferred to your plants. After that, crush the egg shells up and sprinkle them on top of ...Amazon.com : Better-Gro Orchid Plus 20-14-13 - Urea-Free Orchid Fertilizer for Vigorous Growth, Water Soluble, Nitrate Nitrogen-Rich, Ideal for Indoor ...Apr 10, 2023 · Organic Nitrogen Fertilizer #1: Feather Meal (12-0-0) Feather meal is not an innocuous amendment. It’s made from hydrolyzed feathers that come by way of industrial poultry. Feathers are mostly protein, though, which is why they make a good nitrogen source when processed. Feathers can bioaccumulate the bad stuff. In all plants, nitrogen is the driving force in this effort and provides the building blocks for cell production. So, the NPK you choose for your evergreens should be rich in nitrogen. This is why I prefer to use a high-nitrogen fertilizer (13-3-4) for evergreens. However, nitrogen can’t do its job without the help of phosphorus …... nitrogen-rich tea. Horsetail is a deeply rooted weed that draws up minerals including potassium, silica, and iron from far below the soil. Willow is rich in ...Feb 5, 2024 ... If you notice that the foliage in your garden is yellowing, it may be a nitrogen deficiency. Read on for tips on using nitrogen fertilizer for ...Urine: Urine is high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, making it an excellent fertilizer. Dilute urine with water in a 1:10 ratio and use it to water your plants. Comfrey: Comfrey leaves are rich in potassium and can be used to make a liquid fertilizer. Chop up comfrey leaves and steep them in water for a few weeks.PetraTools Liquid Nitrogen Fertilizer, 28-0-0 High Liquid Nitrogen Spray for All Grass Types, Liquid Lawn NPK Fertilizer Concentrate for Max Green Grass, Liquid Fertilizer for Lawns & Plants (8oz) ... Naturally Enhances Green and Creates Nitrogen Rich Plant Soil, Naturally Based Fertilizer for Greener Plants. 3.8 out of 5 stars 129. 100+ bought ...Dec 6, 2023 ... High levels of N2O emissions in cropping soils indicate excessive fertiliser use (especially nitrate-based fertilisers) which is amplified on ... With more nitrogen than potassium and zero phosphorus, this fertilizer feeds the grass and keeps it lush and green. It is suitable for all types of turf grass and is easy to apply. It also improves the lawn’s tolerance for extreme heat and extreme cold. Pennington UltraGreen Lawn Fertilizer, 14 LBS, Covers 5000 Sq Ft. Feb 5, 2024 ... If you notice that the foliage in your garden is yellowing, it may be a nitrogen deficiency. Read on for tips on using nitrogen fertilizer for ...Nitrogen-fixing plants are a boon to the organic gardener, eliminating the need for importing nitrogen-rich fertilizers and reducing your carbon footprint. Try to incorporate them into your food forest by alternating edibles with nitrogen fixers. Select nitrogen-fixers with edible or useful parts such as peashrub or Goumi berry for more utility.How to make compost with used coffee grounds. If you are investigating how to make compost, the experts recommend adding coffee grounds to your ingredients. 'Scientists state that a balance of 'greens' and 'browns' is needed to create the proper environment for composting to occur,' say the plant doctors at Patch Plants. ‘Greens' are …Nitrogen-rich ammonia is an essential fertilizer in global food production. Creating it requires significant petroleum-based energy, however, and it can only be done at 100 or so large-scale ...Apr 26, 2011 ... Just a quick video showing how easy it is to make your own Nitrogen and Trace Element Rich Natural Organic plant and vegetable feed for the ...Avoid using any nitrogen rich fertilizer once the fruit has set. Excess nitrogen will just result in superfluous foliage and the growth of the vine, and will not nourish the fruit. An application of fertilizer that is higher in phosphorous and potassium can be applied while the fruit is maturing. Most importantly, give the …How Much to Feed Every 2 Weeks. Your plants need about 1/2 cup of high Nitrogen fertilizer for every 10 feet of garden row. Let’s work through an example of the onion patch in my garden so you can see how this works: In my garden, rows are 18 feet long, so I’ll need .5 cup X 1.8 = .9 cups of fertilizer per …You can mix in compost to Brussel sprouts' soil or add a "top-dressing" of nitrogen-rich fertilizer, sprinkling the granules or powder three inches away from the base of the stem. If you are looking to add your FoodCycler fertilizer, we recommend thoroughly integrating the by-product in with the soil at a ratio of 10:1 .Remember that fertilizer is generally very nitrogen rich, so it will throw your compost out of balance if you don’t have enough carbon rich materials in there. ... The carbon and nitrogen combination works to break them down faster, if you don’t have enough other nitrogen rich materials available for regular composting. Related. Author ...Ironite Mineral Supplement 1-0-1. While you can use this iron-rich garden booster any time of year, it's especially well-suited for summer applications. Unlike other lawn foods with high amounts of nitrogen, this one only contains 1 percent nitrogen, along with 9.9 percent iron and 33 percent sulfur.Liquid fertilizers also tend to seep through light and sand-rich soils quite easily, meaning you may require multiple applications. Fertilizer spikes contain a small amount of fertilizer that can be conveniently secured into the ground around a tree or shrub’s drip line. ... Pure Nitrogen Fertilizer. Urea has a high nitrogen content and is an ...Apr 10, 2023 · Organic Nitrogen Fertilizer #1: Feather Meal (12-0-0) Feather meal is not an innocuous amendment. It’s made from hydrolyzed feathers that come by way of industrial poultry. Feathers are mostly protein, though, which is why they make a good nitrogen source when processed. Feathers can bioaccumulate the bad stuff. Jul 29, 2021 · Many fertilizers contain more than one form of nitrogen to ensure they bring the maximum possible benefits to the soil. If you are looking to increase the nitrogen content of your soil, then please take a look at our nitrogen rich fertilizers, which include: Ammonium Sulfate 21-0-0; Crustacean Meal 4-0-0; Feather Meal 12-0-0; Blood Meal 13-0-0 ... Contents. Just like humans need a wide range of vitamins and minerals to thrive, plants require diverse nutrients to remain healthy. One of the …The industrial production of nitrogen-rich fertilizers has increased substantially over time and now matches more than half of the input to the land from biological nitrogen fixation (90 megatons = 1 million tons of nitrogen each year). If the nitrogen fixation from legume crops is included, then the anthropogenic flux of nitrogen …Oct 9, 2023 ... Apply 2-3 lbs per 100 sq ft around plants. Fish Emulsion. Fish emulsion fertilizers provide nitrogen and phosphorus. They have an unpleasant ... Learn about the best natural fertilizers with high nitrogen content, such as sodium nitrate, feather meal, blood meal, and more. Find out how much nitrogen each fertilizer contains, how long it takes to release, and how to use them in your garden. The “N” refers to nitrogen rich compounds such as proteins. As a general rule, the larger the C:N ratio of a substance, the less immediately available to plants is the nitrogen. ... The PSNT is a soil nitrate test that was originally developed to help make an accurate nitrogen fertilizer recommendation for a corn crop that has had an ...This item: The Dirty Gardener Nitrogen Fertilizer Urea 46-0-0, 5 Pounds. $1700 ($0.21/Ounce) +. TRIPLE SUPER PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER 0-46-0 | phosphorus fertilizer for gardens, lawns, indoor and outdoor plants | ROCK PHOSPHATE PLANT FOOD FERTILIZER FOR ORCHIDS, WISTERIA, CACTUS AND ALL …1. Introduction. Worldwide, the use of chemical fertilizer grew markedly over the past half century. There was a six-fold increase from 32 million metric tons of nutrients in 1961 to 202 million metric tons in 2020 (IFA, 2023). 1 The geography of fertilizer use also changed dramatically.In 1961, the high-income countries …Rich in trace elements it is also excellent for potassium loving plants. It improves cell division and the strength of chloroplasts. Flax seed meal: ... Apply high nitrogen fertilizer such as manures, seed meals, or compost 4 times per growing season. Water frequently. Soil should not dry out below 2”. Related:The industrial production of nitrogen-rich fertilizers has increased substantially over time and now matches more than half of the input to the land from biological nitrogen fixation (90 megatons = 1 million tons of nitrogen each year). If the nitrogen fixation from legume crops is included, then the anthropogenic flux of nitrogen from the ...... nitrogen-rich tea. Horsetail is a deeply rooted weed that draws up minerals including potassium, silica, and iron from far below the soil. Willow is rich in ...PetraTools Liquid Nitrogen Fertilizer, 28-0-0 High Liquid Nitrogen Spray for All Grass Types, Liquid Lawn NPK Fertilizer Concentrate for Max Green Grass, Liquid Fertilizer for Lawns & Plants (8oz) ... Naturally Enhances Green and Creates Nitrogen Rich Plant Soil, Naturally Based Fertilizer for Greener Plants. 3.8 out of 5 stars 129. 100+ bought ...This fertilizer bag contains 15 pounds of nutrients. If the bag of fertilizer costs $30, then divide its price by its weight ($30 ÷ 15 lbs.) to determine that the cost of nutrients in this 50 lb. bag of 16-4-10 fertilizer is $2.00 per lb.Nitrogen-rich ammonia is an essential fertilizer in global food production. Creating it requires significant petroleum-based energy, however, and it can only be done at 100 or so large-scale ...Nitrogen fertilisers in common use on-farm are: Ammonium nitrate (AN) (33.5%–34.5% N). This is a very widely used fertiliser for applying on to the growing crop (top-dressing). Half the nitrogen (as nitrate) is very readily available. It is marketed in a special prilled or granular form to resist moisture absorption.The nitrogen-rich compounds found in fertilizer runoff are the primary cause of serious oxygen depletion in many parts of oceans, especially in coastal zones, lakes and rivers. The resulting lack of dissolved oxygen greatly reduces the ability of these areas to sustain oceanic fauna. Water soluble fertilizers have many benefits—and some drawbacks. Their uniformity of application is one of their biggest strengths. Plants take in dry, slow-release fertilizers only when water is present in the soil. Unless this fertilizer remains evenly distributed, you may end up with some nutrient-rich pockets and other nutrient-poor areas. Figure 2 Effects of combined application of N and K on dry matter accumulation of YXY 2115 at full heading stage (above) and maturity stage …Nov 2, 2022 · 4. Leaf Compost. Composting is a fine art, allowing you to tinker with the nutrient load in the end result. For a low-nitrogen compost, using mostly dry plant material will give you a nutrient-dense, mulch-like material that provides an enduring source of phosphorous, potassium, and other minerals. Jun 1, 2022 · Nature Safe Fertilizers creates all types of high nitrogen products best used for commercial agriculture, golf courses, and lawns. Once you know the needs of your plants, give us a shout to confirm which product is the right one for you. Together we can make good growing better. Call us at 800-743-7413. For example, feeding a nitrogen rich feed can sometimes be counterproductive. This is because a nitrogen rich fertilizer can encourage leafy, foliar growth at the expense of flowers and fruit. PH Levels. Another important thing to consider when choosing a liquid fertilizers is the pH level of the brew, and how it …You can mix in compost to Brussel sprouts' soil or add a "top-dressing" of nitrogen-rich fertilizer, sprinkling the granules or powder three inches away from the base of the stem. If you are looking to add your FoodCycler fertilizer, we recommend thoroughly integrating the by-product in with the soil at a ratio of 10:1 .Jun 22, 2023 · Liquid fertilizer is typically used during the fruiting phase of a fruit tree. They’re heavier on the nitrogen side of NPK than the others we’ve mentioned so far. With an NPK of 4.5-2.0-4.2, these fertilizers assist in the production of lush growth and contain large amounts of Ca which we know helps reinforce cell walls. Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (N-P-K) fertilizers are manufactured using ammonium phosphate to which potassium (usually potassium chloride) and water have been added.Additional nitrogen and other nutrients also can be added. Special N-P-K formulations (9-18-9 or other grades) are made by reacting furnace-grade …(Image credit: ADragan) By Teo Spengler, Heather Rhoades. last updated February 05, 2024. NITROGEN PLANT FERTILIZER: HOW TO FIX …PetraTools Liquid Nitrogen Fertilizer, 28-0-0 High Liquid Nitrogen Spray for All Grass Types, Liquid Lawn NPK Fertilizer Concentrate for Max Green Grass, Liquid Fertilizer for Lawns & Plants (32 Oz) ... Nitrogen Rich Fertilizer; Indoor/Outdoor Plant Food for High Impact Growth; Garden, Tree and House Plant Fertilizer. 4.5 …Nov 8, 2023 ... Final answer: Using nitrogen-rich fertilizers can lead to algal blooms in the oceans. The excessive nitrogen promotes the growth of algae, which ...This does not affect use – simply dilute to a pale straw or tea colour and apply every few days until the desired plant growth is seen. Plants typically contain 3-4% nitrogen, 0.5-1% phosphorus and 1-2% potassium dry weight. For comparison a synthetic liquid fertiliser might contain 15% nitrogen, 30% phosphate and 15% potash.Nitrogen promotes healthy leaf and shoot growth, phosphorus helps root development, and potassium encourages flower and fruit production. A …ADDITIVES FOR NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ... N-Serve (nitrapyrin) is a proven material that selectively inhibits one of the bacteria responsible for nitrification. When ...Editor’s Choice: Scotts Company Garden Pro Miracid. "Great food for acid-loving plants from Scotts Company, it works instantly for outdoors and indoors plants". Best Organic Hydrangeas Fertilizer: Espoma Holly Tone. "An 18-pound bag for your whole garden of hydrangeas that wish to bloom with the perfect blue colored flowers".How Much to Feed Every 2 Weeks. Your plants need about 1/2 cup of high Nitrogen fertilizer for every 10 feet of garden row. Let’s work through an example of the onion patch in my garden so you can see how this works: In my garden, rows are 18 feet long, so I’ll need .5 cup X 1.8 = .9 cups of fertilizer per …In the first decade of the twentieth century two German chemists, Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch, invented fertilizer — the nitrogen compound which ushered in modern agriculture and sa...It’s high in nitrogen and potash, and the iron content helps green up growth and promote plant health. It works quickly on all fruit and vegetable crops, and 1 litre makes up to 450 litres of fertiliser. ... these are predominantly useless. What’s the point of ploughing nitrogen-rich fertiliser into the soil at the start of a plant's ...Before you throw out your next batch of used coffee grounds, consider composting them. As food weblog Serious Eats points out, composting used coffee grounds is a great way to star...Liquid fertilizer is typically used during the fruiting phase of a fruit tree. They’re heavier on the nitrogen side of NPK than the others we’ve mentioned so far. With an NPK of 4.5-2.0 …For a high Nitrogen fertilizer, you want one with an NPK ratio that has 3x the amount of Nitrogen as Phosphorus, and 1.5x more Nitrogen than Potassium. For example, you’re looking for a 15-5-10 ratio, or similar. Many nitrogen-based fertilizers have only Nitrogen in it, and therefore the NPK ratio looks like 16-0-0 or similar. NitrogenIn addition, studies have shown that off-gassing from nitrogen fertilizers is a major source of air pollution, ... Instead, it makes the bacteria “fat” by including an organic, carbon-rich energy source in the formula so that the microbes have enough in the gas tank to fix nitrogen. The startup’s first commercial … Apply lime to bring pH between 5.0 and 6.5 and add chelated iron. This will often bring good results in chlorotic plants. Heavy metals found in many of these nutrients can last indefinitely in soils and contaminate wells. Apply small amounts to root areas and watch for slow results in the plant before applying more. It’s high in nitrogen and potash, and the iron content helps green up growth and promote plant health. It works quickly on all fruit and vegetable crops, and 1 litre makes up to 450 litres of fertiliser. ... these are predominantly useless. What’s the point of ploughing nitrogen-rich fertiliser into the soil at the start of a plant's ...A dangerous pollutant that comes out of car tailpipes comes out of fertilized farm fields, too. That's not good. Nitrogen oxides, known collectively as NOx, are a dangerous group o...Dec 6, 2023 ... High levels of N2O emissions in cropping soils indicate excessive fertiliser use (especially nitrate-based fertilisers) which is amplified on ...Down to Earth All-Natural Fertilizers sells OMRI-certified 7-3-1 Bat Guano Nitrogen-Rich Fertilizer in a 2-lb box. Worm castings (1-0-0) Continuing on the poop theme, worm castings are a reliable nitrogen source for garden plants. Make your own in a vermicompost bin or buy pre-packaged worm castings to add to your garden soil.There is much more to lawn maintenance than just fertilizing in early spring. Learn the best times and ways to fertilize your lawn for lush, green grass. Expert Advice On Improving...May 30, 2021 ... 1. Rice Water ... The water that is left behind after rice has been cooked, makes an easy organic fertilizer for your plants. It contains starch ...Common nitrogen fertilizers are anhydrous ammonia, urea, solutions, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate. Anhydrous ammonia …Slow-release Fertilizers. Bloom is a slow release fertilizer, releasing a slow, steady amount of nutrients over time. Natural slow release fertilizers like Bloom slowly add nutrients to the soil by naturally breaking down and decomposing into a plant-available form. The advantages of a slow-release fertilizer are that your plants …With all of the lawn fertilizers and application options, it can be hard to know what to do. Read our guide to learn how to select and apply lawn fertilizer. Expert Advice On Impro... The Facts: Nitrogen Fertilizer. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most widely distributed elements in nature, since it’s the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. While N isn’t found in mineral forms like phosphorus (P) or potassium (K), it’s largely present in organic compounds. Soil-based N undergoes many complex biological transformations that ... Easy to use, worry free application. Contains virtually no salts, so it won't burn plants. Does not need to be watered in. Slow release formula provides plants with rich nutrients throughout an 8 to 10-week period. Reduces the need to water by improving the soil. All purpose 5-5-0 plus iron. 36 lb. bag covers 2,500 sq. ft.
Option 1: Apply Fertilizer with Compost. Apply your fertilizer mixes along with a few inches of well-aged compost to cover your garden beds. This works because good compost is full of microbial life forms that will readily make the nutrients in your organic fertilizers available to plants as they need it.. Best cleaner for tile floors
The remaining ingredients contain other nutrients and fillers. Nitrogen (N) promotes rapid growth and lush, green color. Phosphorous (P) helps develop healthy root systems. Starter lawn fertilizers have a high phosphorous count for this reason, while fertilizers for established lawns have a relatively low amount. Contents. Just like humans need a wide range of vitamins and minerals to thrive, plants require diverse nutrients to remain healthy. One of the …In the first stage, a nitrogen-rich fertilizer can be added once every two weeks. Once flowering has started, you can switch to potassium fertilizer every 2 weeks. Thereafter, phosphorus every 2 weeks. ... like Burpees Organic Bone Meal. In the final stage, switch to a potassium-rich fertilizer, like Miracle Gro’s plant granules. …7. Banana peel water. Similarly, don't throw out your banana peels, as these make the ideal, homemade fertilizer for your plants. Banana peels are full of potassium and calcium, which will feed ...Since vegetables need nitrogen as well as other nutrients readily available, supplemental organic fertilizer is often applied for a quick feeding. This is often used in conjunction with other fertilizers. For instance, many gardeners supplement a compost or manure rich soil with the application of fish emulsion or …We spent hours researching the best fertilizers on the market, evaluating products based on the NPK ratio (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, …Fertilizing Bromeliads - Bromeliads, depending on their plant type, may occasionally need to be fertilized. Learn the fertilizing requirements for these plants. Advertisement Activ...How to make compost with used coffee grounds. If you are investigating how to make compost, the experts recommend adding coffee grounds to your ingredients. 'Scientists state that a balance of 'greens' and 'browns' is needed to create the proper environment for composting to occur,' say the plant doctors at Patch Plants. ‘Greens' are …Grass clippings also make an excellent nitrogen-rich fertilizer all by themselves. To make grass “tea” for your garden, fill a five-gallon bucket about two-thirds of the way with fresh clippings. Top off with water to within an inch or two from the lip. Let the mixture steep for about 72 hours, stirring at least once per day.In the first stage, a nitrogen-rich fertilizer can be added once every two weeks. Once flowering has started, you can switch to potassium fertilizer every 2 weeks. Thereafter, phosphorus every 2 weeks. ... like Burpees Organic Bone Meal. In the final stage, switch to a potassium-rich fertilizer, like Miracle Gro’s plant granules. …Most plants require the most nitrogen during their early reproductive stages when they are rapidly growing. This is the time of year when nitrogen-rich fertilizers should be applied frequently. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied to grass to maintain a healthy-looking lawn during the growing season, which is normally from March to November.Liquid nitrogen is an interesting and even entertaining substance to use for everything from science experiments to haute cuisine. This may come as a surprise, but it’s not that ha...BEST OVERALL: Espoma EOLB30 Organic Lawn Booster Fertilize. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Milorganite 0636 32-Pound Organic Nitrogen Fertilizer. BEST PLANT-BASED: The Andersons 7-1-2 Innova Organic ...However, unused nitrates remain in the groundwater, resulting in leaching of the soil. Since nitrogen requirements for plants vary, supplemental nitrogen fertilizer should only be used in the correct proportion. Always check the nitrogen analysis on chemical fertilizer packaging to determine the percentage amount of nitrogen present. …Choosing the right nitrogen fertilizer will reward your crops with better growth, and reward growers with better returns. ... Combifert® 20-6-6+2CaO+11SO 3 is rich in nitrogen, making it your fertilizer of choice for the peak plant growth stage. With an added dash of calcium and sulfur. Product details. Combifert® 25-6-6+30SO 3. 25 . 6 . 6 .Nutrient solution bottles and fertilizer bags will indicate how much of the three main nutrients are in the product, in the form of N-P-K: Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, For example, a ...Since vegetables need nitrogen as well as other nutrients readily available, supplemental organic fertilizer is often applied for a quick feeding. This is often used in conjunction with other fertilizers. For instance, many gardeners supplement a compost or manure rich soil with the application of fish emulsion or ….